Stroke by anatomy
| Site of the lesion | Associated effects |
|---|---|
| Anterior cerebral artery | Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss, lower extremity > upper |
| Middle cerebral artery | Contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss, upper extremity > lower Contralateral homonymous hemianopia Aphasia |
| Posterior cerebral artery | Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing Visual agnosia |
| Weber's syndrome (branches of the posterior cerebral artery that supply the midbrain) | Ipsilateral CN III palsy Contralateral weakness of upper and lower extremity |
| Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (lateral medullary syndrome, Wallenberg syndrome) | Ipsilateral: facial pain and temperature loss Contralateral: limb/torso pain and temperature loss Ataxia, nystagmus |
| Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (lateral pontine syndrome) | Symptoms are similar to Wallenberg's (see above), but: Ipsilateral: facial paralysis and deafness |
| Retinal/ophthalmic artery | Amaurosis fugax |
| Basilar artery | 'Locked-in' syndrome |
Lacunar strokes
- present with either isolated hemiparesis, hemisensory loss or hemiparesis with limb ataxia
- strong association with hypertension
- common sites include the basal ganglia, thalamus and internal capsule
Circulation to the brain
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