Horner's syndrome
Features
Distinguishing between causes
*in reality the appearance is due to a narrow palpebral aperture rather than true enophthalmos
- miosis (small pupil)
- ptosis
- enophthalmos* (sunken eye)
- anhidrosis (loss of sweating one side)
Distinguishing between causes
- heterochromia (difference in iris colour) is seen in congenital Horner's
- anhidrosis: see below
| Central lesions | Pre-ganglionic lesions | Post-ganglionic lesions |
|---|---|---|
| Anhidrosis of the face, arm and trunk | Anhidrosis of the face | No anhidrosis |
| Stroke Syringomyelia Multiple sclerosis Tumour Encephalitis | Pancoast's tumour Thyroidectomy Trauma Cervical rib | Carotid artery dissection Carotid aneurysm Cavernous sinus thrombosis Cluster headache |
*in reality the appearance is due to a narrow palpebral aperture rather than true enophthalmos