Enzyme inducers/inhibitors
The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is involved in the metabolism of multiple medications as well as playing important roles in hormone, cholesterol and vitamin synthesis and breakdown.
A number of drugs and herbal remedies are known to inhibit the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes potentially leading to accumulation of drugs and other substrates P450 enzymes would normally metabolise. These can be remembered by the mnemonic SICKFACES.
Enzyme Inhibitors Mnemonic: SICKFACES.COM
Conversely some drugs will induce the cytochrome P450 system leading to increased drug metabolism and lowering of plasma levels of such drugs. These drugs can be remembered by the mnemonic SCRAP GPs.
A number of drugs and herbal remedies are known to inhibit the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes potentially leading to accumulation of drugs and other substrates P450 enzymes would normally metabolise. These can be remembered by the mnemonic SICKFACES.
Enzyme Inhibitors Mnemonic: SICKFACES.COM
- S Sodium valproate
- I Isoniazid
- C Cimetidine
- K Ketoconazole
- F Fluconazole
- A Alcohol (acute)
- C Chloramphenicol
- E Erythromycin
- S Sulfonamides
- C Ciprofloxacin
- O Omeprazole
- M Metronidazole
Conversely some drugs will induce the cytochrome P450 system leading to increased drug metabolism and lowering of plasma levels of such drugs. These drugs can be remembered by the mnemonic SCRAP GPs.
Enzyme Inducers Mnemonic: SCRAP GPS
- S Sulphonylureas
- C Carbamezapine
- R Rifampacin
- A Alcohol (chronic)
- P Phenytoin
- G Griseofulvin
- P Phenobarbital/phenytoin
- S St Johns Wort